1-What is hemorrhoid and does it have any function
Its a vascular cushion situated at the anal region. Everyone has it . It provides a helping hand to the continence mechanism .
2-What are the common symptoms of hemorrhoid disease : Usual symptoms include :
Bleeding ( bright red), itchiness , prolapse and pain
3-Why is there sudden onset of acute pain compared to before?
This usually happens when there is a thrombosis to the hemorrhoid component
4- Does it lead to cancer
There is no evidence to suggest hemorrhoid lead to cancer
5- What can anyone do to avoid worsening of the symptoms
Conservative measures like:
Stop sitting too long in the toilet( esp if u like reading there)
Dont try to push hard. If the stool doesn’t come out-Go out of the toilet .Wait for a another time. “Rule of 5 minutes”
Drink lots of water , eat lots of fibre and excercise
6- What are the options for surgery
Currently there are many methods like:
Laser Hemorrhoidoplasty (LHP)
Doppler Gided Hemorroidal artery ligation
Stapler Haemorroidoplasty
Harmonics Haemorroidectomy
7-What are the complications that can occur with hemorrhoid surgery
Bleeding – can either be early( within few days ) or late (within few weeks)
Infection – Abcess or even sepsis
Pain post operation- short lived or chronic
Swelling post operation- especially with laser technique
Anal stenosis – sometimes needing dilatation
Incontinence
Urinary retention
Fistula
8- Options of treatment for this disease
1st line of treatment is conservative measures as mentioned above along with medication . Surgery is usually reserved for more severe grades or really bothering symptoms . No one surgery is considered the best and above all. Options tailored according to grades and the symptoms.
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